Which of the following is NOT an element required for Type 1 spoken perjury?

In the context of Type 1 spoken perjury, all elements except for the one regarding the suspect acting unknowingly are critical for establishing the offense.

Type 1 perjury involves deliberate falsehoods made under oath, typically during legal proceedings. For a statement to qualify as perjury, it must be made knowingly, meaning the speaker is aware that the statement is false. Furthermore, the statement must be material to the legal proceeding, meaning it has relevance to the case at hand and could influence the outcome.

In this framework, acting unknowingly is not a necessary element of perjury. If a suspect were to make a statement without the intent to deceive or without knowledge of its falsity, it would not satisfy the criteria for Type 1 perjury. Thus, this option accurately reflects a requirement that is absent from the definition of spoken perjury.

The other elements—making a statement under oath, knowledge of the falsehood, and the materiality of the false statement—are fundamental to establishing the offense, which reinforces the accuracy of identifying the option regarding unknowingly acting as not an element for Type 1 spoken perjury.