What does secret sexual surveillance involve?

Secret sexual surveillance involves recording individuals without their knowledge or consent, particularly in private settings where they have a reasonable expectation of privacy, such as when they are nude. This definition encompasses actions such as secretly videotaping someone engaged in sexual activity or nude. The key element here is the lack of consent and the invasion of privacy, which distinguishes it from simply recording with permission, engaging in consensual photography, or observing acts that are visible in public spaces.

The focus is on the covert nature of the surveillance and the infringement on the individual’s privacy rights, which is why the correct answer centers on behaviors that occur without the subject's awareness or consent.